L'HISTOIRE D'ISRAËL ENTRE MÉMOIRE ET RELECTURE
Format BrochéAuteur : ABADIE PHILIPPE
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Longtemps, l'archéologie fut biblique, c'est-à-dire au service de la vérité du texte. En témoignent nombre d'ouvrages grand public dont le but avoué est d'accréditer que « la Bible a dit vrai ». Or aujourd'hui, l'archéologie est redevenue une science pleinement autonome, sans souci apologétique, simplement étude scrupuleuse de données matérielles. Dès lors, elle élabore un discours parallèle, souvent divergent de celui que construit le récit biblique quand il écrit l'histoire d'Israël. Historiens, archéologues et biblistes se trouvent donc clairement confrontés à une question cruciale : quelle est la nature du récit biblique et son rapport à la vérité ? Philippe Abadie entre dans le débat en étudiant un certain nombre de points d'histoire en discussion aujourd'hui : les origines du peuple d'Israël, la conquête du territoire ou l'existence d'un grand royaume unifié par David et Salomon... Ce faisant, il cherche à établir un juste rapport à l'archéologie et à élargir ce qu'on entend généralement par « vérité historique ». « Utiliser le récit biblique comme document premier", indépendamment d'une saine critique littéraire, s'avère illusoire. Comme le serait aussi la mise entre parenthèses du récit au profit des seules sources externes. À la question posée : la Bible est-elle un livre d'histoire ? la réponse est forcément nuancée : la Bible est un livre dans l'histoire. » Et le lecteur de la Bible est invité à distinguer toujours l'intentionnalité historienne des auteurs bibliques dans leurs grandes synthèses théologico-littéraires et la quête moderne d'historicité.
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For a long time, archaeology was biblical, i.e. placed in the service of revealing the truth of the Scriptures. Many widely read books are witness to this fact, their unique aim being to prove the truth of the Bible'. But today, archaeology has become a science in its own right, with no apologetic purpose simply the scrupulous study of material facts. In consequence it produces a parallel account, often diverging from that constructed by the biblical narrative of the history of Israel. Historians, archaeologists and biblists find themselves confronted with clear and crucial questions: What is the nature of biblical text, and what is its relation to the truth? Philippe Abadie enriches the debate by studying a certain number of historical issues under discussion today: the origins of the people of Israel, the conquest of their territory or the existence of a large kingdom unified by David and Solomon... In so doing, he seeks to establish an exact rapport to archaeology and to enlarge the meaning of what we usually understand by historical truth'. Using the biblical texts as a primary source' turns out to be illusory. Just as it would be illusory to ignore them and heed only external sources. Is the Bible a historical document? The answer to this question must be nuanced: the Bible is a book in history. The Bible reader is invited always to bear in mind the Biblical authors' intentions as historians in the great theological-literary synthesis, and the modern quest for historicity."
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For a long time, archaeology was biblical, i.e. placed in the service of revealing the truth of the Scriptures. Many widely read books are witness to this fact, their unique aim being to prove the truth of the Bible'. But today, archaeology has become a science in its own right, with no apologetic purpose simply the scrupulous study of material facts. In consequence it produces a parallel account, often diverging from that constructed by the biblical narrative of the history of Israel. Historians, archaeologists and biblists find themselves confronted with clear and crucial questions: What is the nature of biblical text, and what is its relation to the truth? Philippe Abadie enriches the debate by studying a certain number of historical issues under discussion today: the origins of the people of Israel, the conquest of their territory or the existence of a large kingdom unified by David and Solomon... In so doing, he seeks to establish an exact rapport to archaeology and to enlarge the meaning of what we usually understand by historical truth'. Using the biblical texts as a primary source' turns out to be illusory. Just as it would be illusory to ignore them and heed only external sources. Is the Bible a historical document? The answer to this question must be nuanced: the Bible is a book in history. The Bible reader is invited always to bear in mind the Biblical authors' intentions as historians in the great theological-literary synthesis, and the modern quest for historicity."